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Prospero’s Abuse of Power in Shakespeares The Tempest Essay examples -

Prospero’s Abuse of Power in The Tempest   â â In William Shakespeare's The Tempest, Prospero lives with his little girl Miranda on an abandoned island.â on a superficial level, he gives off an impression of being a kind head putting forth a valiant effort to secure and think about the occupants of the island, particularly for Miranda.â after looking into it further, in any case, Prospero plays God, controlling and making every person to fit the shape he desires.â He exploits his position over the individuals and circumstances he experiences while wearing a veneer of honesty and empathy to mask his wily expectations and to hold love and regard.  In Act I of the play, Prospero at last reveals to Miranda the woeful story of how she and he showed up on the island.â From the start, Prospero plays his subjects and his thoughtful crowd as pawns in his round of manipulation.â He clarifies that twelve years prior he was the Duke of Milan, yet being excited with his investigations, he left a large portion of the legislative obligations to his sibling Antonio.â Antonio, hungry to be Total Milan himself (1:2, p.6), continued to double-cross him with the assistance of King Alonso of Naples.â When Miranda inquires as to why they were not executed, Prospero murmurs, Dear, they durst not,/so dear the affection my kin bore me (1:2, p.7).â From the start, Prospero depicts himself as a separated researcher and cherished pioneer unjustifiably exploited by his capacity hungry brother.â Who might associate such a modest man with being mentally manipulative?â Prospero prevails with regards to misdirecting numerous with this tenab le pretense. Prospero's control of Miranda is clear all through The Tempest, even from their first conversation.â He says, Canst thou recall/An opportunity before we came unto this phone?/ I don't think th... ...hello have picked one another, when in certainty Prospero organized their experiencing passionate feelings for from the outset.â By utilizing reverse brain science to make the couple figure he doesn't favor of Ferdinand, Prospero catalyzes an insubordination to himself to bring the couple together.â In the end, Prospero uncovers himself to King Alonso and his men.â He liberates Ariel, pardons Caliban, and plans to come back to Milan where Miranda and Ferdinand will be married.â Prospero gets all that he needs - his dukedom, a ground-breaking child in-law, and an arrival to society. Works Cited and Consulted Corfield, Cosmo. For what reason Does Prospero Abjure His 'Harsh Magic,' Shakespeare Quarterly. 36 (1985): 31-4 8. Mowat, Barbara A. Prospero, Agrippa, and Hocus Pocus, English Literary Renaissance. 11 (1981): 281-3 03. Shakespeare, William.â The Tempest.â Mineloa, NY: Drover, 1999. Prospero’s Abuse of Power in Shakespeare's The Tempest Essay models - Prospero’s Abuse of Power in The Tempest   â â In William Shakespeare's The Tempest, Prospero lives with his girl Miranda on an abandoned island.â on a superficial level, he has all the earmarks of being a big-hearted pioneer putting forth a valiant effort to ensure and think about the occupants of the island, particularly for Miranda.â after looking into it further, be that as it may, Prospero plays God, controlling and making every person to fit the shape he desires.â He exploits his power over the individuals and circumstances he experiences while wearing an exterior of trustworthiness and empathy to mask his wily expectations and to hold love and regard.  In Act I of the play, Prospero at long last discloses to Miranda the woeful story of how she and he showed up on the island.â From the start, Prospero plays his subjects and his thoughtful crowd as pawns in his round of manipulation.â He clarifies that twelve years back he was the Duke of Milan, yet being captivated with his investigations, he left the vast majority of the legislative obligations to his sibling Antonio.â Antonio, hungry to be Supreme Milan himself (1:2, p.6), continued to sell out him with the assistance of King Alonso of Naples.â When Miranda inquires as to why they were not executed, Prospero moans, Dear, they durst not,/so dear the affection my kin bore me (1:2, p.7).â From the start, Prospero depicts himself as a separated researcher and cherished pioneer unreasonably misled by his capacity hungry brother.â Who might associate such a modest man with being mentally manipulative?â Prospero prevails with regards to misleading numerous with this tena ble pretense. Prospero's control of Miranda is clear all through The Tempest, even from their first conversation.â He says, Canst thou recollect/An opportunity before we came unto this cell?/ I don't think th... ...hello have picked one another, when in reality Prospero coordinated their beginning to look all starry eyed at from the outset.â By utilizing reverse brain science to make the couple figure he doesn't support of Ferdinand, Prospero catalyzes a resistance to himself to bring the couple together.â In the end, Prospero uncovers himself to King Alonso and his men.â He liberates Ariel, pardons Caliban, and plans to come back to Milan where Miranda and Ferdinand will be married.â Prospero gets all that he needs - his dukedom, an amazing child in-law, and an arrival to society. Works Cited and Consulted Corfield, Cosmo. For what reason Does Prospero Abjure His 'Harsh Magic,' Shakespeare Quarterly. 36 (1985): 31-4 8. Mowat, Barbara A. Prospero, Agrippa, and Hocus Pocus, English Literary Renaissance. 11 (1981): 281-3 03. Shakespeare, William.â The Tempest.â Mineloa, NY: Drover, 1999.

Expansive Mood as a Manic Symptom in Bipolar Disorder

Expansive Mood as a Manic Symptom in Bipolar Disorder Bipolar Disorder Symptoms Mania and Hypomania Print Expansive Mood as a Symptom of Bipolar Disorder By Marcia Purse Marcia Purse is a mental health writer and bipolar disorder advocate who brings strong research skills and personal experiences to her writing. Learn about our editorial policy Marcia Purse Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on December 08, 2019 Bipolar Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Your Rights Li Kim Goh / Getty Images One of the criteria for diagnosing a manic or hypomanic episode of bipolar disorder is what we call an expansive mood. Individuals with an expansive mood may behave brashly or lavishly, assume a superior or grandiose attitude, or dress and act flamboyantly. They exhibit larger-than-life behaviors that can often be accompanied by (or result in) extreme bursts of irritability. Expansive Behavior in Bipolar Disorder An expansive mood can reap unfortunate consequences for a person with bipolar disorder, ranging from interpersonal confrontations to financial loss. Symptoms vary from person to person with some individuals believing themselves to be in a creative cycle while others are more disinhibited or recklessly impulsive. In some cases, the person may become excessively friendly to the point where the behavior seems exaggerated and extreme. Boundaries can be ignored and even casual acquaintances or strangers may be pulled in as intimate confidantes. Speech can often become inappropriate, such as making a crude joke at a church service or in a business meeting. Oftentimes, the person wont even understand why the behavior was wrong or how it offended others. It is common for a bipolar person with expansive mood to spend excessively. Credit cards can be maxed out in a sudden burst of grandiosity, lavishing with friends, relatives, or even passing acquaintances with expensive gifts. Much of these behaviors are centered around the need to garner attention. This can translate to dressing outlandishly or standing out in a way that is inappropriate (such as wearing a bright dress to a funeral). Expansive Mood and Other Manic Symptoms Expansive mood is often coupled with other signs of a manic episode. Irritability is one of them. If the person believes that he is being ignored or dismissed, his exaggerated sense of importance may result in a sudden, angry outburst. Over time, irritability and anger may displace the more flamboyant aspects of expansive mood as the manic episode progresses. The bipolar individual may also exhibit a decreased need for sleep, spending three hours or less per night in bed. Conversations can often be frenetic and scattered. The individual may engage in more goal-oriented activities (the need to accomplish something big now) while easily being sidetracked or distracted. More concerning, perhaps, is the sudden impulsiveness a person may exhibit during an expansive mood. It can lead to extreme risk-taking or the loss of restraint that can place the person directly in harms way. Causes The association between disinhibition and bipolar disorder is well known and strong. It may be as obvious as driving recklessly through city streets or as subtle as intentionally avoiding condoms with someone you just met. At its core is an individuals need to seek reward without the ability to fully discern safe gambles versus unsafe gambles. Neuroscience suggests that this behavior is driven, at least in part, by the over-activation of the nucleus accumbens, the brains pleasure center. It is also shown that activity in the prefrontal cortex, which plays a role in decision making, is more often impaired in bipolar individuals than in healthy ones. Together, these factors appear to play a foundational role in the behaviors that are symptomatic of expansive mood. A Word From Verywell Extravagant or outlandish behavior is not in itself an indication of bipolar disorder nor does a person with bipolar disorder necessarily exhibit the scale of symptoms described. However, if the cycling of moods, between extreme highs and extreme lows, is interfering with you or a loved ones ability to function, speak with your doctor and ask for a referral to a specialist experienced in the diagnosis of bipolar disorder. Treatment is available if needed.

Plato and Aristotles Impact on Rhetoric - 1503 Words

Plato and Aristotle are two rhetoricians than had a great impact on the history of rhetoric. Although they were similar in many ways, their use and definition of rhetoric were different. Plato had the more classical approach where he used rhetoric as a means of education to pass down his beliefs and practice of rhetoric to his students. He believed that it should be used to educate the masses, provoking thought, and thereby preserving that knowledge. Plato thought that rhetoric should be used to convey truth, truths already known to the audience, revealed through that dialectic critical thought. Plato also operated on absolute truths, things that are right or wrong, black or white. Aristotle was more modern in that he used rhetoric as a†¦show more content†¦However, Petruzzi explains that Platos dialogical strategy leads to an assumption of the indeterminate nature of truth and a â€Å"philosophical rhetor who knows that she is not able to know with any certainty† (Pe truzzi 16). He insists that the primary quality of Platos texts is â€Å"that dialogue and dialectic express neither a technical skill nor a method, but rather a mode of being-in-the-world: Dialectic is not so much a techne-that is, an ability and knowledge-as a way of being (Petruzzi 17). For Plato, rhetoric is is agreement between participants where its success is reliant upon them presenting opposing sides or bringing a problem under consideration. Petruzzi explains that Plato searched for a stable definition that would anchor a concept in â€Å"one unified and temporary intellectual position.† However, he struggled because the disclosure of truth, through dialogue and dialectic, â€Å"explicitly contains the perspectival and relational quality of aletheia, or unconcealment† (Petruzzi 17). As we see, Plato strove for truth, but his error with in thinking that there were absolute truths that don’t change. William Benoit said that Plato’s views stand i n sharp relief against those of the Sophists because he believed in certain knowledge, for he declares rather bluntly in the Gorgias that truth, you see, can never be refuted. In the Phaedrus, heShow MoreRelated Aristotle and the Techne of Rhetoric Essay1447 Words   |  6 PagesAristotle and the Techne of Rhetoric Between the third and fifth centuries B.C. there existed a â€Å"golden and classical age† of thought in the ancient world, with the majority of this activity centered in the polis of Athens, Greece. Although the city is historically recognized for its legendary conflict with rival polis Sparta, Athens is perhaps best known for the creation of democracy—that noble political experiment that laid the preliminary structure for most of the rights we AmericansRead More Sophists2245 Words   |  9 PagesSophists have been perpetuated in the history of philosophy primarily due to their most fierce critic Plato and his Gorgias, where Socrates brings profound accusations against the practice of sophists and declares notoriously rhetoric to be a part of flattery (ÃŽ ºÃŽ ¿ÃŽ »ÃŽ ±ÃŽ ºÃŽ µÃŽ ¯ÃŽ ±, 463c). This paper focuses on the responses to sophists’ practices by Plato and Aristotle, analysing on the one hand criticism made on their practice, on the other, however, trying to evaluate in which respect the responses of theRead MoreAristotles Impact on Current Society812 Words   |  4 PagesAristotle’s Impact on Current Society _NAME___ HUM 360 B1 Wilmington University Aristotle was one of the most important western philosophers. He was a student of Plato and the teacher of Alexander the Great. He wrote on many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology. I found that his biggest impacts on modern society were in the subject areas of ethics, and zoology. Aristotle wrote the firstRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Aristotle s Theory Of Rhetoric1764 Words   |  8 PagesRhetoric can best be explained as how a speaker uses persuasion to influence their intended audience. 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If they do, explain how you see them manifest in the artifact. - The Starry Night painting by Vincent van Gogh utilizes the five canons of rhetoric in this artifact because van Gogh used the invention of his paintings by suffrage he was facing from mental illness, and he used his paintings asRead MoreAristotle s Views On Life And The World1735 Words   |  7 Pageshe was sent to Athens to study philosophy under Plato. Plato eventually died and Aristotle left Athens. He spent his time traveling and continuing his studies. In 338 he went to Macedonia and ended up tutoring Alexander the Great. He conquered Athens, which is when Aristotle returned and set up his own school. Alexander the Great died, and Aristotle was in danger of being put to death. He fled to Euboea, which is where he died. Aristotle’s studies focused on the reality in physical objectsRead MorePhilosophy of Management Leadership Essay1798 Words   |  8 PagesWritings by Sun Tzu on military leadership, Plato’s and Aristotle’s (Plato’s intellectual competitor and student) work questioning ‘who should rule us’, philosophy by Castiglione and others work jointly summarise classical leadership. In order to capture what can be said of today’s leadership with regard to classical writings on leadership one must question whether leadership is a changing phenomena over time or rather, whether there is a single best leadership style that suits all leaders in allRead MorePlato And Aristotle s Political Situation2648 Words   |  11 Pages 1. Introduction Plato and Aristotle are two of the most influential figures in academic history, yet in spite of their intricate relationship, the pair had differing, albeit not always opposing, views on language which could be argued to be a result of the changing politics of the Ancient Greek era. In this essay I will firstly explore the political situation surrounding the time of both philosophers. Following this, I will expand upon these findings and consolidate them in regards to various language

Task Analysis Using Abc / Abm - 2226 Words

Task analysis using ABC/ABM Task analyses of the three Workflows were carried out using the task process diagrams created as described above. In management accounting, direct costs are defined as items with identifiable prices, such as drugs. Conversely, indirect costs are those for which multiple tasks are included and determining the relationship between the source and the cost accounting subject is difficult. In examining referral patients, importation of brought-in external PDI images was included as an indirect cost because various occupations and departments were involved and because it was not directly connected to the examinations. For task analyses, ABC, a method of accounting that addresses indirect cost allocation, was used. The ABC method calculates cost per activity unit by classifying tasks into smaller activity units.18) By subdividing the task process into activity units, ABC enables the calculation of labor costs required for data importation. While ABM uses ABC as an analysis tool for task improvement,21) the main characteristic of ABC is that it separates final results into value-added activities (those that add value), and non-value-added activities (those that do not add value). The resulting information allows for re-examination of the overall task process by determining whether or not each activity is adding value to the product. A previous study in the field of radiation19-20) that used ABC showed most of the tasks related to storing brought-inShow MoreRelatedActivity Based Management (ABM)2850 Words   |  12 Pages1.0 Introduction Activity based management (ABM) is a method of identifying and evaluating activities that a business performs using activity based costing (ABC) to carry out a value chain analysis or a re-engineering initiative to improve strategic and operational decisions in an organization. ABM can be divided into operational and strategic. Operational ABM is about â€Å"doing thing right†, using ABC information to improve efficiency. Those activities which add value to remain in business canRead MoreKaplan And Johnson s Theory Of Management Accounting2075 Words   |  9 Pagessystem that gave the wrong information. Traditional costing’s method for cost allocation is mainly based on direct labour hour which meant dividing using direct labour cost and would eventually lead to inaccurate information for managers. Kaplan and Johnson then develop Activity Based Costing (ABC) to provide a more accurate information for managers. The ABC would show a profitable product under traditional costing to be in fact unprofitable and vice-versa. Their academic publication lead to major changeRead MoreAdvantages of Activity Based Costing1622 Words   |  7 Pagessystem such Activity-Based Costing (ABC). ABC system has emerged as an alternative to traditional costing system to meet the need for accurate cost information about the products, services, customer and processes. ABC performs the arithmetic to provide accurate cost information while Activity Based Management (ABM) is focused on using this information obtained from ABC to manage activities in order to improving business (Gunasekaran et al., 2000). Generally ABC systems enable indirect and supportRead MoreGlobal Electronics Essay3073 Words   |  13 Pagesallow the reader to identify the behavioral variables that can determine the success of implementing an ABC system. There are several case studies that have been performed to examine technicalities in regards to ABC models and how profitability can be determined by the product, customer, or service. This case study focuses on how behavior can impact implementation because of the evidence that ABC has had high implementation failure rates and these failures have occurred mainly due to behavioral variablesRead MoreGlobal Electronics Essay8640 Words   |  35 PagesGlobal Electronics, In c.: ABC implementation and the change management process Brewer, Peter CView Profile; Juras, Paul EView Profile; Brownlee, E Richard, IIView Profile. Issues in Accounting Education18.1 (Feb 2003): 49-69. Turn on hit highlighting for speaking browsers Abstract (summary) Translate Abstract Descriptions of activity-based costing systems have become a standard part of managerial accounting texts. While ABC implementation issues are the focus of a number of articles, these issuesRead MoreMaf6803408 Words   |  14 PagesCUSTOMER PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS Customer profitability analysis (CPA) can be defined as a method used to compare the costs of all the activities used to support a customer or a customer group with the revenue generated by that customer or customer group. It is the analysis of the revenue and costs that relates to the customers which can be determined by considering the similarities and differences in customers’ buying behaviours and customer preferences. From the definition, it shows three featuresRead MoreManufacturing Company1731 Words   |  7 Pagesprotocols. In any communication strategy, identifying audience issues is a key task in ensuring effectiveness. The audience may include all of those who have some influence upon or are influenced by the information being shared. For most effective communication, audience size also must be appropriate given the information being shared, as well as the interaction that should be permitted. Activity-based costing, (ABC), by definition is an â€Å"approach to costing that focuses on individual activitiesRead MoreContemporary Issues of Management Accounting3915 Words   |  16 Pagesresponse: To achieve customer satisfaction, the company has to respond rapidly to customer needs. This implies short product and service introduction cycles * Actions based on facts: The statistical analysis of engineering and manufacturing facts is an important part of TQM. Facts and analysis provide the basis for planning, review and performance tracking, improvement of operations, and comparison of performance with competitors. * Employee participation: A successful TQM environment requiresRead MoreToyotas Production System ( Tps )1630 Words   |  7 Pagesfive departments. Firstly, powertrain department produces engine components. Once the engine is finished, it is sent directly to assembly department. Secondly, Press plant manufactures steel panels such as side panels, roof panels and bottom panels using press machine. Thirdly, welding shop department fastens and welds together all the car body panels into a body shell shape by robots and people. Fourthly, Paint department coats the body shell of cars with a particular colour. The body shell is coatedRead MoreThe Activity-Based Costing Method- Development and Applications5338 Words   |  22 PagesCosting (ABC) method. First, the paper describes them using the Strategic Management Accounting (SMA) stream. Then it presents the main features of these applications. Second, the paper examines in detail two of these features: the widening of the analysis perimeter and the relevant level of details to analyze the costs. Subsequently, it analyzes several proposals, such as Customer-Driven ABC, Interorganizational Cost Management (IOCM), Resource Consumption Accounting (RCA) and Time-Driven ABC (TDABC)

Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company and Sun Cellular Free Essays

1. What are the factors that contributed to URC’ s success? Some of the factors that contributed URC’s success are: Being innovative and aggressive frontrunner in the snack food industry. Its products can be found in virtually every household across the country, with market shares indicating that one out of every two modern snack products enjoyed by Filipino consumers is a URC offering. We will write a custom essay sample on Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company and Sun Cellular or any similar topic only for you Order Now The secret behind URC’s success is the EXCELLENT VALUE that its products provide consumers. URC products offer consumers world class quality at affordable prices. Using only state-of-the-art equipment and stringent manufacturing standards, the company is also well on its way to obtaining ISO 9002 Certification for all its plants. 2. Analyzed the growing market base in Asia. How did Gokongwei take advantage of it? Gokongwei take advantage the growing market base in Asia by producing innovative products but at the same time cheaper than the other products in the market. Gokongwei also provide goods that basically needed by the consumer. As his early life as a teen, Gokongwei learned that basic need are the best product that the demand will never cease. Also he offered fresh products that the other company didn’t offer. With this strategy invading the growing Asia market is possible. 3. Based on Gokongwei words of wisdom, how can the Philippines compete globally? â€Å" I am 81 today. But I do not forget the little boy that I was in the palengke in Cebu. I still believe in family. I still want to make good. I still don’t mind going up against those older and better than me. I still believe hard work will not fail me. And I still believe in people willing to think the same way. Through the years, the market place has expanded: between cities, between countries, between continents. I want to urge you all here to think bigger. Why serve 86 million when you can sell to four billion Asians? And that’s just to start you off. Because there is still the world beyond Asia. When you go back to your offices, think of ways to sell and market your products and services to the world. Create world-class brands. You can if you really tried. I did. As a boy, I sold peanuts from my backyard. Today, I sell snacks to the world. I want to see other Filipinos do the same. † Based on Gokongweis’ words of wisdom, to able for the Philippines to compete globally, we Filipino must not be afraid to take the challenge of competing against multinationals compny or bigger competitors. For us not to be aeaten by larger competitors we must make sure we came prepared with great products and great strategies. We ended up changing the rules of the game instead. 4. Are there hindrances for the Philippines inability to have it’s own global branch? Explain. Yes, there’s always an opportunity everyday passes our lives but ignore them as we don’t like of doing it because of PRIDE and FEAR. it is always printed in our mind that every time we saw something different we always ignore them as it is not our line of profession or simply saying its against our pride or just fear of doing it. if only we have the same determination and willingness to reach our goal just like Sir Gokongwei, then we are far more successful than any other countries. i knew that this is a life changing story and i hope that we all use it. I myself has a lot to work out specially my ATTITUDE. the attitude of wasting TIME. i have a lot of goals in life but did nothing to get them until time passes by and forgot them. if only i valued my time then i’m sure i would be now a somebody person. but its not yet late. starting immediately, ill make something different for my self. something that i can be proud of someday when my hair became grey†¦ and has a story to tell to my grandchildren. ITS NEVER LATE TO BE A SUCCESSFUL PERSON, just work it out. At the end, it is only you who will reap them all. don’t mind about the failure, as they say it is always â€Å"trial and error†, and always say it to your self † at least i tried†. but never stop from there. as from failure you will learn the best wisdom in life, and from wisdom can have the best weapon to fight the battle, and through your best weapon you will have a big chances to win. then you will have a story to tell†¦ who knows you might will become part of the business history. 5. Identify Gokongwei’s entrepreneurship traits which made him successful. Gokongwei’s entrepreneurship traits made him successful are: Self-determination This self-made entrepreneur is not afraid to become a second mover. He loves to offer an alternative from the number 1 company offering products and services like in telecommunications (SUN Cellular), real estate (Robinsons Land), and airline (Cebu Pacific). He doesn’t like mixing politics and business. He doesn’t like being very close to government. Because according to him, wealth that’s based purely on politics cannot be sustained. He thinks outside the envelope. Like Henry Sy Sr. and Andrew Tan, John Gokongwei Jr. thinks outside the envelope because he started his businesses from scratch. There’s no baggage and no tradition to follow. 6. Make a research on the acquisition of sun cellular by PLDT. Make your comments. PLDT buys majority stake of Sun Cellular The biggest IT story of the day is PLDT’s acquisition of Digitel which operates Sun Celluar, the 3rd largest telco player in the Philippines. PLDT, which owns Smart Comm. , becomes a much bigger operator and strengthening it’s number 1 spot in the country. The Philippine Long Distance Telephone company announced today its acquisition of Digital Telecommunications Philippines, Inc. (Digitel) from JG Summit amounting to Php74. 1 billion or 51. 55% shares in exchange of new PLDT assets worth 2,500 per share. Digitel, which owns Sun Cellular, announced that under the new leadership the paired networks will continue to the expansion of broadband rollout and other next generation technologies in both fixed and wired services. PLDT says Sun Cellular will remain a separate entity and retain the brand. Smart already surpassed 45 million subscribers in 2010 while Sun Cellular, which has over 16 million subs, was already inching closer to Globe Telecom (26. 5 million). Smart’s rapid growth and expansion requires more wider frequency and that might have prompted the Sun Cellular buy-out. At the same time, Sun Cellular has become a large player in terms of post-paid subscribers (even the first one to reach 1 million). Meanwhile, Smart has only around 500k postpaid subscribers while Globe has around 900k. From having 3 large celco players, we now have just 2 — Smart at far #1 and Globe at a minority #2. COMMENT: This strategy that PLDT done is what we called Globalization, since the market for networks are now vast where there are various networks competing with each other,companies now have to buy another network. To maintain quality and competitive pricing, PLDT have redesigned their organizational structures and strategically buy the competing netwoork such as Sun cellular to lessen the competitors in the industry. How to cite Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company and Sun Cellular, Papers

William ShakespeareS The Merchant Of Venice - Shylock Essays

William Shakespeare'S The Merchant Of Venice - Shylock Throughout the course of history, Jews have been relentlessly persecuted. The English are not an exception, since their history shows that the general English attitude towards Jews during the Elizabethan Era is anti-Semitic. This negative bias towards Jews is apparently clear in Elizabethan literature, including William Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice. Shylock, the Jewish antagonist in Shakespeare's play, is stereotypically portrayed as a villain in accordance to popular prejudice. Thus, Shylock is labeled as a villain because he is a Jew. This misconception of Jews as being villainous in nature persisted well into the 20th century until the recent mass genocide of Jews in Hitler's Nazi Germany. This appalling incident is the marking point that sensitized the modern reader to Jewish sufferings. Thus, in the eyes of the modern reader, Shylock's characterization as a villain due to his religious convictions is refuted. Still, it is not only sympathy that deems Shylock as a hero bu t also the injustice he suffers in the hands of the Christian society which includes his converted daughter Jessica. Shylock's character is defended from its villainous interpretation upon two factors: ?the sociological, which exonerates Shylock on the basis of environmental pressures, and the racial, which assimilates him to the whole appalling history of anti-Semitism? (1). Based on the racial issue, Shylock's character is condemned because he is a Jew. Shylock's role as a villain in the play reflects the general racist prejudices against Jews. Therefore, from his first appearance, Shylock does not have a chance to appeal to the audience. Thus, to the modern reader, Shylock is a victim of injustice which is representative of his race. By understanding the history behind the creation of Shylock, his tribulations can be assimilated to the general Jewish suffering. Judaism has a long history of persecution. A brief historical analysis of Jewish and Christian relations in England reveals a general anti-Semitic attitude towards the outnumbered Jews. A drastic example of this negative feeling is King Edward the First's expulsion of the Jews in 1290 which staged a virtual mass deportation of Jews from England. For the next three hundred sixty six years, the Jewish population dramatically decreased to a few hundreds until the reinstatement of Jews back into England in 1656 by Oliver Cromwell. Still, anti-Semitic feelings were strong as illustrated by the popularity of William Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice as well as Marlow's drama The Jew of Malta. Shakespeare, taking advantage of the public's anti-Jewish feelings, ?borrowed? ideas from his fellow playwright Marlow and designed the character of Shylock. This proved to be advantageous since the play achieved much success and Shakespeare was a major shareholder of his theatrical company (2). Sh akespeare's play was popular not only because it was a well written copyright infringement, but it gave the audience what they wanted. Another example of the popularity of Shakespeare's play due to its anti-Semitic undertones is the strong protests elicited by the Drury Lane theater when they failed to stage the play during the controversy over the Jew Bill (3). The Jewish Naturalization Bill, or Jew Bill, was simply ?a slight alteration in the requirements for how foreign Jews could become naturalized British subjects? (4). Even though the bill was a minor amendment, Englishmen were so adamantly obsessed with the idea of hating Jews that the Jew Bill was finally repealed. Thus, Shylock's character was created in an era where religious intolerance alienated Jews from the Christian commonwealth. Based on the sociological factor, Shylock is a sympathetic character because of the environmental pressures in the play. Antonio, Shylock's mortal enemy, is a prime example of the treatment that Shylock constantly receives in the Christian society of Venice. Antonio holds a personal vendetta towards Shylock simply because he is a Jew; ?He hath disgraced me?. thwarted my bargains, cooled my friends, heated mine enemies?and what's his reason? I am a Jew? (III.i. 97). Antonio also wrongs Shylock by hurling insults at him such as ?cutthroat dog?, ?misbeliever?, and even goes to the extent of spitting on him (I.iii. 35). This is the unfriendly environment that Shylock is staged in. He has no hope for reconciliation with the Christian community because they

Henry V and Leadership Essay Example

Henry V and Leadership Essay Example Henry V and Leadership Essay Henry V and Leadership Essay Deanna Cunningham Leaders in todays work environment are faced with challenges that are similar to challenges faced in the past. Although technology has caused our challenges to be on a broader scale they still represent the same issues that have been faced for years regarding confidence in leadership and how to foster leadership. While in battle Henry V gave his soldiers the freedom of choice to fight with him or if they had the desire to leave, they could. He would not consider them deserters. By doing this he won loyalty and devotion from his men. Henry used rhetoric skill to achieve this result. He did not want his men to leave due to his small army size but he made his men believe the small army size was more desirable. This type of rhetoric is unquestionably invaluable in the leadership role. As Gardner stated, Effective leaders heighten motivation and confidence-if diminished leaders have a hard time leading (p. Xv) The film ,Henry V, clearly show leadership development, has gutsy leadership, and shows the five exemplary practices of leadership. A leader needs to carry trust and credibility if he wants his followers to believe in him. Henry showed doodling the way by his behavior throughout the movie. Souses and Posses wrote, Model the way is when titles are granted but your behavior is what wins you respect. Be a good example-live what you say. People follow first the person, then the plan (p. 14). An example of how Henry V stood by his rules and consistency is when Parabola was to be hung for stealing. He remained strong to his values and had his friend hung. You could see by Henrys face this was painful for him but he wanted his men to see they could trust him to stand behind the principles set forth. In Leadership Engine Itchy mentions the need for edge. The king shows his edge by his decision. This example can be used in any workplace. When a manager is friends with an employee they could easily allow that employee to perform at a lower level and still be given the same high performance review that another employee who excels Is given. If other employees see this they would not trust that manager and then would not respect or follow that mangers lead. A manager needs to lead by example. The friend would need to be evaluated fairly and if necessary, let go. Current leaders must have their rules consistently applied for them to be credible ND see their visions realized. Henrys speech at Saint Crispin inspired vision to his followers. This follows Souses and Posers theory of inspiring vision. They wrote that dreams or vision Is the force that invents the future. Leaders have a desire to make something happen. Leaders have to enlist others In a common villous(p. 14). Leaders must see the big picture to have a vision of the future. A true leader wants to share the vision, not be self servant for their own goals. They must look at the good of the whole organization. Blanchard and Bowels wrote in Gung Ho-Gift of the Goose. This is cheering each other on. Wild geese fly thousands of miles each year and they do It by cheering on another every Inch of the way, honking encouragement. All leaders could learn a lot from this analogy. A leader cannot achieve great outcomes alone. It takes a team AT Delivers. A leader must provoke a goal Ana mission. Henry V used rhetoric in his Saint Crispin speech when he motivated his soldiers by appealing to their sense of honor. He states, They have come so far, how they can turn back now? His men, although feeling despair believed they needed to intention the fight because it is what was right to do and they believed it. In a work place great leaders have to make sure their employees know the goal. The leaders must practice good communication, they must make their employees feel like they are part of the team. Leaders and their followers need to look at the future and imagine things that can be and how to achieve them. One cannot continually look in the review mirror. If one spends so much time ruminating in the past they will never be able to prepare for the future. Many people will see the glass as half empty instead of half full. These people will find excuses and problems where others may find learning experiences. A comment I read once said that, The present is but an instant that separates yesterday from tomorrow. A leader needs to provide the focus of the direction they are heading, the goal that is set. A leader does not have to be born as a leader. Leaders can develop anytime in their lifetime. To become a leader one must be able to create a lasting influence in the minds of people and make them believe that whatever the leader is doing is for their benefit. Being a good manager does not make one a good leader. It has been said that managers deal in efficiency and leaders in effectiveness. A manager is happy that the work place is going smoothly. A leader wants things to change for the better. Henry the V was not born a leader. He developed his leadership over time. He learned leadership was about the we and us not the l. In his speech at Saint Crispin he constantly referred to we, us, our. Never Just himself. This is a sign oaf true leader. Leaders must be enablers to those followers around them. An example of this is when Henry V allowed York to lead the battle. He had faith in his ability to perform his feat. This is also an example that leadership can be displayed at all levels not just the top. In any organization leadership can be shared by many. Scheme (1992) wrote,the most salient aspect of future leadership will be that the desirable characteristics will not be present in a few people all the time, but rather will be present in many people some of the time. Souses and Posses wrote about a statement of Larry Boswell, CEO of Honeywell. Boswell answered to the question how one doing as a leader with is, How am I doing as a leader? The answer is how are the people you lead doing? (p. 1) A great leader will have the desire to make a difference. They will use their power to make that difference. Everyone has a natural attraction to power. One must remember that absolute power corrupts absolutely. Power can play into the human weakness. A great leader will not abuse their power. Although Henry V was a great leader his ego used his power to put his men a great risk continuing the war when they had so fewer men than the French. The fact that his men had such faith in his leadership they fought with such confidence they were able to win the battle. Any company can have this same type of environment. A leader can make their followers feel the desire to make certain choices that are not favorable to the mission and vision of their company. Even though the choices are not in line with the organizations mission positive outcomes can still be accomplished. In this case management would look favorably on the choices instead AT negatively. 10 De cutlets an organization needs to De In constant learning. Leader needs to have hope, optimism, and a sense of power. One can use rhetoric as Henry V did in his SST. Crispin speech to persuade those around them to follow the companys goals, mission and vision.

Trouble Sleeping Learn How Long Caffeine Stays in Your System

Trouble Sleeping Learn How Long Caffeine Stays in Your System SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips How long does caffeine stay in your system? What is the half-life of caffeine? How does caffeine half-life differ between individuals? In this quick guide, we'll go over how long caffeine stays in the average person's body, what factors impact how long you'll feel the effects of caffeine, and what you can do to combat the caffeine jitters. Ultimately, we'll help you answer the key question: how long does caffeine stay in your body? How Long Does Caffeine Stay in Your Body? The Average Person Caffeine is absorbed by the membranes of your body incredibly quickly. Once you take in caffeine, you'll feel its full effects within 15-45 minutes. After that, your liver will start breaking down the caffeine into caffeine metabolites, which you will eventually excrete in urine. In the average adult, the half-life of caffeine is about 5-6 hours. This means that once take a dose of caffeine, you'll break down about half of that caffeine after 5-6 hours. So if you take in 200 mg of caffeine at 9 am, you'll still have about 100 mg left in your body between 2 and 3 pm. How Long Does Caffeine Affect You Specifically? So now you know that the average person experiences a caffeine half-life of about 5-6 hours. But how long after drinking that cup of coffee or downing that Mountain Dew will you still be feeling a buzz? How long does caffeine stay in your body in particular? That depends on a few factors. Your Unique Metabolism Caffeine is processed and broken down by a set of enzymes in the liver. How much of that enzyme you produce is determined by genetics. This means that some people metabolize (or break down) caffeine extra-slowly, and some people break it down so quickly they barely feel the stimulating effects of caffeine. The only way to really know how you metabolize caffeine is to have some and see what happens. If you are hypersensitive to caffeine, even small doses (think half a cup of coffee) may give you the "coffee jitters"- which can include feelings of anxiety, restlessness, nausea, diarrhea, heart palpitations, and general discomfort. If you are hyposensitive, you won't feel much of a stimulating effect from caffeine at a normal dose, even if you've never had it before. Note also that pregnant women metabolize caffeine much more slowly, with an average caffeine half-life of up to eight hours. Size of Caffeine Dose Whatever caffeine half-life you have, the size of the dose you take will make a big difference in how long you still feel the impact of caffeine. If you drink one espresso shot (which has about 50-65 mg of caffeine) and your personal caffeine half-life is about five hours, you'll have a pretty negligible amount of caffeine in your system ten hours after ingestion. However, if you drink four eight-oz. cups of coffee in a row, taking in about 400 mg of caffeine, you'll still have 100 mg of caffeine in your system after 10 hours- enough to keep you pretty buzzed. Any amount of caffeine in your system about 50 mg may be enough for you to still feel some effects. (Or even less if you're hypersensitive!) Note too that different products have different caffeine dosages. Coffee has more caffeine than black tea, which has more caffeine than green tea. Additionally, not all coffee brewing methods make equally strong coffee. For example, drip coffee has more caffeine than instant coffee. Even coffee from the same shop may have different caffeine content on different days! Your Caffeine Tolerance The more often you consume caffeine, the more tolerant you become to its effects. Regular coffee drinkers need to drink more and more coffee over time to get the same stimulating effects from caffeine that they did initially. If you're a new coffee drinker, expect to feel the impact of caffeine much more strongly than if you're a coffee veteran. (If you are a big coffee drinker, keep in mind that super-high caffeine doses are toxic. Try to moderate your intake so that you aren't constantly taking bigger and bigger doses.) Other Drugs You Take Other substances that you take into your body can impact how you metabolize caffeine and change the half-life of caffeine in your own body. For example, hormonal birth control can slow down how quickly you process caffeine, making you more sensitive to its effects. By contrast, regular smokers have a caffeine half-life of about three hours, making them less sensitive to the effects of caffeine. Other drugs can also impact how you process caffeine, so look up how caffeine interacts with any prescription drugs or other substances you are taking. Can You Speed Up the Half-Life of Caffeine? Feeling the caffeine jitters? Are you anxious, panicked, or nauseated? Can you speed up your body's processing of caffeine to make yourself feel better? In short, not really. There's not actually a reliable way to speed up the processing of caffeine in your liver in the short-term. However, here are some things you can do to help you feel better while you process the caffeine: Drink Water Drinking water won't "flush" your system of caffeine, in spite of the commonsense wisdom. However, caffeine is a diuretic, which means that it can cause dehydration. Drinking plenty of water will help minimize dehydration and help alleviate some of the symptomatic effects of the caffeine jitters. Eat Food Caffeine can suppress your appetite, so you may feel the impacts of low blood sugar, including nausea and headache, if you don't make a conscious effort to eat. Taking your caffeine with a meal will also slow down your processing of caffeine, which will make you less likely to have the jitters. Exercise While exercise won't make you metabolize caffeine any faster, it will help you to burn off some of the extra energy caused by caffeine's adrenaline release. This may help you feel better. Bottom Line: How Long Does Caffeine Stay in Your System? How long does caffeine stay in the body? Well, the average person will experience the half-life of caffeine at about 5-6 hours. But how long does caffeine stay in the body such that you still feel its effects? This depends on a few factors: Your unique metabolism: genetics plays a role in how fast your liver can metabolize caffeine. Size of caffeine dose: A larger dose will impact your body for longer. The average person will feel some impact of caffeine at about 50 mg or above. Your caffeine tolerance: The more often you take in caffeine, the less you'll feel its effects. Other drugs you take: Other substances you take can speed up or slow down your caffeine metabolizing processes. There's no way to actually process caffeine any faster in the short-term. But if you've had too much and you're uncomfortable, these things might help you feel better: Drink water: Caffeine can dehydrate you, so water will make you feel better. Eat food: Caffeine can suppress your appetite, so be sure to eat! Exercise: Exercise can help you burn off some of the excess energy caused by taking caffeine.

Unit 5 DB Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 5 DB - Research Paper Example Most of the gases occur naturally in the air while others are due to human activities. They include carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. Global warming is real. This is due to the release of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere that cause the earth temperature to rise. Of all the greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere, carbon dioxide occupies the large percentage of emission (Hogue, Johnson & Kemsley, 2013). This is mainly due to the burning of fossil fuels in electrical powered generation and industrial production. There is evidence that global warming is true and continues to take place. This is seen at the speed in which ocean level is rising. This is because global warming results to warming water that then increase water capacity. The increased water volume is also due to melting of glaciers. The melting of glaciers continues to be reported in Greenland and West Antarctica (Conservation International, 2012). Increased water volume has negative consequences for islands in the Caribbean and low-lying coastal areas Sound science is a term used when defending an argument on an issue. This term is used to indicate that individuals in a case have facts on their side (Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 1999). This term has helped in supporting the theory of global warming, as there is evidence that it is affecting people in different parts of the globe. There are various ways to reduce carbon emission. They involve the use of nuclear energy as a source of electricity, reliance on geothermal and wind power, planting of trees, and reduction of fossil fuel

The Labyrinth of Solitude Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Labyrinth of Solitude - Essay Example Paz turns spiritual to explain the desperate search for identity by the Mexicans thus: He urges the Mexican people to wake up from their dream state, know the ground realities, and act on in the world outside with the practical approach, without the feeling of self-pity of self-condemnation. In that state of inner concentration, he states that Mexicans will realize that they are a cosmic race freed from all sorts of negativities and confusion. That will be the beginning of real progress for the Mexicans. Octavio Paz tries to provide the national dimension to solitude, essentially a personal trait. Wit intelligent arguments the author proves his point that solitude can be a national characteristic, the trait of an entire culture or nation. He argues that solitude is intrinsic to the historical character of Mexico and as such it is the key to understand its history in its proper perspective. Though not a negative trait, solitude is linked to melancholy and for Mexico it originates in a psychological complex of defeat, according to the author. The reasons can be found in the political history of Mexico, its own authoritarian rulers to begin with. People live under oppression and suppression under such rulers and will not have the opportunities for the free and full growth of their individual personalities. Subdued individual personalities make a subdued and dispirited society and nation. The process began with the rule of its own authoritarian rulers followed by the authoritarian Spani sh conquerors that were cruel and ruthless and they were then replaced by the authoritarian oligarchies during the era of independence. Another factor by which the people of Mexico were overawed was the intimidator posture of United States. People were not exposed to peaceful disposition under all these conditions and their inner resentment was brewing often resulting in violent expressions. But the same cannot be categorized as inferiority complex. Paz explains this

The Great Gatsby Essay -- essays research papers

The Great Gatsby Essay  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Discuss Nick Carraway’s character. How reliable is he as a narrator? What aspects of his character make him an effective narrator? Nick Carraway is not only a character in the novel The Great Gatsby, he is also the narrator. This is very important because it makes him a central figure, like Gatsby. He is so involved in the plot that he becomes quite important and significant in the story. The whole novel is told by Nick and in a way he discovers his own development throughout the events of the book. As Nick says of himself, he is â€Å"both within and without.† This is related to the fact that he is both a character and a narrator in the story. It gives a great success as to how Gatsby’s story is told. Nick is a young man from Minnesota who moves to New York in the spring of 1922 to learn about the â€Å"bond business.† The bond business refers to Nick’s choice of career as an investment broker. He rents a house in West Egg, which is in Long Island; a wealthy area inhabited by the rich people. Nick lives next door to a man named Jay Gatsby, which throws magnificent parties every Saturday night. Nick is different to the other residents of West Egg. He went to Yale and has social connections in East Egg (His cousin Daisy and Tom Buchanan), another area of Long Island home to the well-known upper class. The first paragraphs show Nick’s qualities. His father always told him to not criticize anyone because...

Case Study/Research Paper of Mergers Icici and Icici Bank

————————————————- case study ————————————————- MERGER DEAl: ————————————————- icici with icici bank merger For Mergers and Acquisitions in the BANKING SECTOR AAKANKSHA KUMAR * EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ICICI- Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India Limited (ICICI) was founded by the World Bank, the Government of India and representatives of private industry on 5 January, 1995. The objective was to encourage and assist industrial development and investment in India. Over the years, ICICI has evolved into a diversified financial institution.ICICI’s principal business activities include project finance, infrastructure finance, corporate finance , securitization, leasing, deferred credit, consultancy services and custodial services. It has set up specialised subsidiaries in the areas of commercial banking, investment banking, non banking finance, investor servicing broking, venture capital finance and state level infrastructure financing from where the group draws its strength. ICICI BANK- ICICI Bank was set up by the ICICI group as a commercial banking outfit on 5 January, 1994 and received its banking license from the RBI on 17 May, 1994.The first branch of ICICI Bank was started in Chennai in June 1994 and by 31 March, 1999 and before the merger it had 64 branches across the country. From the beginning the branches were fully computerised with state-of-the-art technology and systems and networked through VSAT technology. It offered a wide spectrum of domestic and international banking services to facilitate trade, investment, cross-border business and treasury and foreign exchange services. This is in addition to a whole range of deposit services offered to individuals and corporate bodies.ICICI Bank’s ‘Infinity’ was the first Internet banking service in the country. Currently the Bank has around 350000 customers. * ABOUT THE MERGER After consideration of various corporate structuring alternatives in the context of the emerging competitive scenario in the Indian banking Industry, and the move towards universal banking, the managements of ICICI and ICICI Bank decided to go for the merger of ICICI with ICICI Bank which would be beneficial for both entities and would create the optimal legal structure for the ICICI group’s universal banking strategy.In October 2001, the Board of Directors of ICICI and ICICI Bank approved the merger of ICICI and two of its wholly-owned retail finance subsidiaries, ICICI Personal Financial Services Limited and ICICI Capital Services Limited, with ICICI Bank. The merger was approved by shareholders of ICICI and ICICI Bank in January 2002,by the High Court of Gujarat at Ahmadabad in March 2002, and by the High Court of Judicature at Mumbai and the Reserve Bank of India in April 2002.ICICI Limited merged with ICICI Bank Limited on 30 March 2002, with the swap ratio of 2 ICICI Shares for 1 share of ICICI Bank Limited. With this merger, the second largest Bank in India was born. RBI had given approval for the reverse merger of ICICI Ltd. with its banking arm ICICI Bank. ICICI Bank with Rs. 1 lakh crore asset base bank is second only to State Bank of India, which is well over Rs. 3 lakh crore in size. RBI also cleared the merger of two ICICI subsidiaries. FOR ICICI THE MERGER MEANT- 1. Increasing the speed in financing long-term projects 2.Obtaining access to cheaper funds for lending 3. Increasing its appeal to investors for raising capital base needed to write off bad loans 4. Competing more effectively in the retail finance market dominated by banks FOR ICICI BANK THE MERGER MEANT- 1. Expanding geographically 2. Utilising l arge capital base of ICICI 3. Gaining brand equity from the strong brand of ICICI 4. Deriving benefits from ICICI’s well established corporate relationship * CONDITIONS LAID DOWN BY THE RBI BEFORE GIVING THE APPROVAL FOR THE MERGER (i) Compliance with Reserve Requirements The ICICI Bank Ltd. ould comply with the Cash Reserve Requirements (under Section 42 of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934) and Statutory Liquidity Reserve Requirements (under Section 24 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949) as applicable to banks on the net demand and time liabilities of the bank, inclusive of the liabilities pertaining to ICICI Ltd. from the date of merger (ii) Appointment of Directors The bank should ensure compliance with Section 20 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, concerning granting of loans to the companies in which directors of such companies are also directors. iii) Conditions relating to Swap Ratio As the proposed merger is between a banking company and a financial institution, all matters connected with shareholding including the swap ratio, will be governed by the provisions of Companies Act, 1956, as provided (iv) Subsidiaries While taking over the subsidiaries of ICICI Ltd. after merger, the bank should ensure that the activities of the subsidiaries comply with the requirements of permissible activities to be undertaken by a bank under Section 6 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 and Section 19 (1) of the Act ibid. v) Preference Share Capital Section 12 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 requires that capital of a banking company shall consist of ordinary shares only (except preference share issued before 1944). * BENEFITS OF MERGER Through the merger, ICICI Bank became India’s 1st universal bank that is, one-stop shop financial services in India and acquired large market share of retail banking and offered a complete range of banking products. 1. Optimum utilisation of human capital 2.Improved ability to further diversity asset portfolio and business revenues 3. Reduced costs of funds 4. Availability of more float money due to active participation in the payment system 5. Diversified fund raising due to access to retail funds 6. Leveraged the ICICI’s capital and client base in terms of increase in fee income 7. Improved profitability by leveraging technology and low cost structure 8. Access to ICICI group’s talent pool and thereby development of human resource at lower costs. * PROBLEMS FACED . The risk of failure to obtain government and other approvals of the merger as per planned. 2. The risk of failure of the High Courts of Mumbai and Gujarat to approve the scheme of Amalgamation. 3. The risk of business which may not be integrated as smooth as planned. 4. Merger of ICICI Ltd and ICICI bank making it more difficult to maintain relationships with clients, employees and suppliers. 5. The risk of new and changing regulation and unfavourable political support or other developments in Indian and internatio nal markets. CONCLUSION The swap ratio was based on the valuations and recommendations of investment bankers. The merger ratio was set as two ICICI shares for every ICICI Bank share that is one equity share of ICICI Bank was swapped for two equity shares of ICICI. The merger brought operational strategies both in terms of economies of scale and scope. Economies of scale achieved through increase in business volumes at lower operating costs and deployment of latest technology. Economies of scope were achieved through enlarged product range.FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF ICICI AND ICICI BANK AFTER MERGER ICICI Ltd Profit to equity holders increased by 16% 21% increase in Indian GAAP consolidated profits ICICI BANK There was always an increase seen in the profits after the merger The merger took place in 2002 and its 2013 now the merger has successfully completed 11 years which shows that the merger created a strong entity, which will redefine banking in the highly competitive era of globali sation and liberalisation. BIBLIOGRAPHY * www. google. com * www. economictimes. com Case Study/Research Paper of Mergers Icici and Icici Bank ————————————————- case study ————————————————- MERGER DEAl: ————————————————- icici with icici bank merger For Mergers and Acquisitions in the BANKING SECTOR AAKANKSHA KUMAR * EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ICICI- Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India Limited (ICICI) was founded by the World Bank, the Government of India and representatives of private industry on 5 January, 1995. The objective was to encourage and assist industrial development and investment in India. Over the years, ICICI has evolved into a diversified financial institution.ICICI’s principal business activities include project finance, infrastructure finance, corporate finance , securitization, leasing, deferred credit, consultancy services and custodial services. It has set up specialised subsidiaries in the areas of commercial banking, investment banking, non banking finance, investor servicing broking, venture capital finance and state level infrastructure financing from where the group draws its strength. ICICI BANK- ICICI Bank was set up by the ICICI group as a commercial banking outfit on 5 January, 1994 and received its banking license from the RBI on 17 May, 1994.The first branch of ICICI Bank was started in Chennai in June 1994 and by 31 March, 1999 and before the merger it had 64 branches across the country. From the beginning the branches were fully computerised with state-of-the-art technology and systems and networked through VSAT technology. It offered a wide spectrum of domestic and international banking services to facilitate trade, investment, cross-border business and treasury and foreign exchange services. This is in addition to a whole range of deposit services offered to individuals and corporate bodies.ICICI Bank’s ‘Infinity’ was the first Internet banking service in the country. Currently the Bank has around 350000 customers. * ABOUT THE MERGER After consideration of various corporate structuring alternatives in the context of the emerging competitive scenario in the Indian banking Industry, and the move towards universal banking, the managements of ICICI and ICICI Bank decided to go for the merger of ICICI with ICICI Bank which would be beneficial for both entities and would create the optimal legal structure for the ICICI group’s universal banking strategy.In October 2001, the Board of Directors of ICICI and ICICI Bank approved the merger of ICICI and two of its wholly-owned retail finance subsidiaries, ICICI Personal Financial Services Limited and ICICI Capital Services Limited, with ICICI Bank. The merger was approved by shareholders of ICICI and ICICI Bank in January 2002,by the High Court of Gujarat at Ahmadabad in March 2002, and by the High Court of Judicature at Mumbai and the Reserve Bank of India in April 2002.ICICI Limited merged with ICICI Bank Limited on 30 March 2002, with the swap ratio of 2 ICICI Shares for 1 share of ICICI Bank Limited. With this merger, the second largest Bank in India was born. RBI had given approval for the reverse merger of ICICI Ltd. with its banking arm ICICI Bank. ICICI Bank with Rs. 1 lakh crore asset base bank is second only to State Bank of India, which is well over Rs. 3 lakh crore in size. RBI also cleared the merger of two ICICI subsidiaries. FOR ICICI THE MERGER MEANT- 1. Increasing the speed in financing long-term projects 2.Obtaining access to cheaper funds for lending 3. Increasing its appeal to investors for raising capital base needed to write off bad loans 4. Competing more effectively in the retail finance market dominated by banks FOR ICICI BANK THE MERGER MEANT- 1. Expanding geographically 2. Utilising l arge capital base of ICICI 3. Gaining brand equity from the strong brand of ICICI 4. Deriving benefits from ICICI’s well established corporate relationship * CONDITIONS LAID DOWN BY THE RBI BEFORE GIVING THE APPROVAL FOR THE MERGER (i) Compliance with Reserve Requirements The ICICI Bank Ltd. ould comply with the Cash Reserve Requirements (under Section 42 of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934) and Statutory Liquidity Reserve Requirements (under Section 24 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949) as applicable to banks on the net demand and time liabilities of the bank, inclusive of the liabilities pertaining to ICICI Ltd. from the date of merger (ii) Appointment of Directors The bank should ensure compliance with Section 20 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, concerning granting of loans to the companies in which directors of such companies are also directors. iii) Conditions relating to Swap Ratio As the proposed merger is between a banking company and a financial institution, all matters connected with shareholding including the swap ratio, will be governed by the provisions of Companies Act, 1956, as provided (iv) Subsidiaries While taking over the subsidiaries of ICICI Ltd. after merger, the bank should ensure that the activities of the subsidiaries comply with the requirements of permissible activities to be undertaken by a bank under Section 6 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 and Section 19 (1) of the Act ibid. v) Preference Share Capital Section 12 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 requires that capital of a banking company shall consist of ordinary shares only (except preference share issued before 1944). * BENEFITS OF MERGER Through the merger, ICICI Bank became India’s 1st universal bank that is, one-stop shop financial services in India and acquired large market share of retail banking and offered a complete range of banking products. 1. Optimum utilisation of human capital 2.Improved ability to further diversity asset portfolio and business revenues 3. Reduced costs of funds 4. Availability of more float money due to active participation in the payment system 5. Diversified fund raising due to access to retail funds 6. Leveraged the ICICI’s capital and client base in terms of increase in fee income 7. Improved profitability by leveraging technology and low cost structure 8. Access to ICICI group’s talent pool and thereby development of human resource at lower costs. * PROBLEMS FACED . The risk of failure to obtain government and other approvals of the merger as per planned. 2. The risk of failure of the High Courts of Mumbai and Gujarat to approve the scheme of Amalgamation. 3. The risk of business which may not be integrated as smooth as planned. 4. Merger of ICICI Ltd and ICICI bank making it more difficult to maintain relationships with clients, employees and suppliers. 5. The risk of new and changing regulation and unfavourable political support or other developments in Indian and internatio nal markets. CONCLUSION The swap ratio was based on the valuations and recommendations of investment bankers. The merger ratio was set as two ICICI shares for every ICICI Bank share that is one equity share of ICICI Bank was swapped for two equity shares of ICICI. The merger brought operational strategies both in terms of economies of scale and scope. Economies of scale achieved through increase in business volumes at lower operating costs and deployment of latest technology. Economies of scope were achieved through enlarged product range.FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF ICICI AND ICICI BANK AFTER MERGER ICICI Ltd Profit to equity holders increased by 16% 21% increase in Indian GAAP consolidated profits ICICI BANK There was always an increase seen in the profits after the merger The merger took place in 2002 and its 2013 now the merger has successfully completed 11 years which shows that the merger created a strong entity, which will redefine banking in the highly competitive era of globali sation and liberalisation. BIBLIOGRAPHY * www. google. com * www. economictimes. com

Essay about College Life - 579 Words

College Life Dear Freshman Friend: Hello and welcome to college! You will spend the next four years of your life studying, sleeping, eating, exercising, making friends, making enemies, falling in love, being heart broken, plagiarizing, and suffering in this ancient institution called university. You probably learned from brochures, applications, and other similar college advertisements the number of volumes the library owns, the name of your future college professors, and even how many hectares the university covers. But nobody has ever talk to you about this: the reality of college students. These are secrets behind the walls, the subject that many admission officers had tried for decades to keep it as a secret until this†¦show more content†¦Here is some advice that can make the adjustment process easier:  · Roommates--you can be sharing your room with a psycho, compulsive maniac, nerd, punk, or Goth, it can be very scary and frustrating at the same time. My advice is to set up a camcorder to follow all his actions, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for about a month to decide whether or not he/she is â€Å"normal†. If your roommate passes the test then you will be all right. If not request a room change claiming that you suffer twentythreephobic, or any other phobia that beginnings with your room number.  · Food Cafeteria--you will hate it. Especially when the ham sandwich you were served for lunch look suspiciously like the honey baked ham you were served at dinner the night before. You will end up eating cereal, bagels, and soda whenever there is â€Å"recycled† food. If you plan to buy pizza, ice cream, or any junk food for late night snacks, keep it in your own fridge otherwise it will be gone within two minutes. Coffee and Coke will disappear faster during midterms and finals.  · R.A and RD--Resident Assistant and Resident Director’s main job is to â€Å"safeguard hall resident’s concerns and needs†. But they can be humans as well. 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